{"id":5340,"date":"2017-10-19T11:53:35","date_gmt":"2017-10-19T09:53:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/?p=5340"},"modified":"2020-03-26T13:45:01","modified_gmt":"2020-03-26T12:45:01","slug":"iluminacion-criterios-direccion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/fotografia-y-camara\/iluminacion-criterios-direccion\/","title":{"rendered":"La iluminaci\u00f3n: criterios y direcci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">La luz es indispensable en fotograf\u00eda, <strong>proporciona forma y textura a los objetos<\/strong> que aparecen en la imagen. Por eso, no es exagerado afirmar que <strong>sin luz no habr\u00eda fotograf\u00eda<\/strong>, y por extensi\u00f3n, cine.<\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">Los criterios que definen la iluminaci\u00f3n son:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>tipo de fuente<\/strong>: natural o artificial. Mientras que en exteriores se suele utilizar la luz natural, siempre que las condiciones atmosf\u00e9ricas lo hagan posible, en los interiores se precisa de luz artificial. A menudo, en en algunas escenas cinematogr\u00e1ficas, se ilumina un interior de forma tan natural que apenas percibimos la fuente de luz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>cantidad<\/strong>: mucha o poca. La temperatura de la luz se mide en grados Kelvin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>temperatura<\/strong>: caliente o fr\u00eda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>direcci\u00f3n (orientaci\u00f3n)<\/strong>: frontal, contraluz, lateral, picada o contrapicada<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">La <strong>iluminaci\u00f3n frontal<\/strong> es la m\u00e1s sencilla de todas. Consiste en <strong>colocar el foco de iluminaci\u00f3n frente al objeto o persona<\/strong>. La finalidad de este tipo de iluminaci\u00f3n es que todo quede iluminado, por lo que no percibimos sombras, pero tampoco textura.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-0\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-5344 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"355\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Iluminacion-Frontal-65x50.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">La<strong> iluminaci\u00f3n a contraluz o posterior es una tipo de iluminaci\u00f3n sugerente<\/strong>. El <strong>foco de iluminaci\u00f3n se sit\u00faa detr\u00e1s del objeto o persona<\/strong>, con lo que aquello que vemos es su silueta o contorno. En este caso tampoco percibimos la textura.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/contraluz.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-1\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-5346 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/contraluz-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/contraluz-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/contraluz.jpg 655w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">Por lo que concierne a la <strong>iluminaci\u00f3n lateral, el foco de luz se sit\u00faa a un lado de los objetos y personas<\/strong>, con lo que se producen sombras, se acent\u00faan las formas y, adem\u00e1s, se perciben las texturas. El contraste entre la parte iluminada y la sombreada a\u00f1ade el efecto tridimensional.<\/p>\n<p align=\"JUSTIFY\">Si la <strong>luz picada (de arriba a abajo)<\/strong> proporciona una imagen m\u00e1s o menos natural, la <strong>luz contrapicada (de abajo a arriba)<\/strong>\u00a0da una imagen antinatural. \u00c9sta \u00faltima es una iluminaci\u00f3n utilizada para crear cierto ambiente de <strong>misterio<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/2-1.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-2\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-5348 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/2-1-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"344\" height=\"172\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/2-1-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/2-1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cpaonline.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/2-1.jpg 980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 100vw, 344px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La iluminaci\u00f3n proporciona forma y textura a los objetos que aparecen en la imagen. Los criterios son: la fuente, la cantidad, la temperatura y la direcci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":5351,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1902,1904,1552,1220,131,1901,1227,1900,1903],"class_list":["post-5340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotografia-y-camara","tag-contraluz","tag-contrapicada","tag-curso-fotografia","tag-formacion-audiovisual","tag-fotografia","tag-frontal","tag-iluminacion","tag-luz","tag-picada"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La iluminaci\u00f3n proporciona forma y textura a los objetos que aparecen en la imagen. 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